The mechanism of action of a small molecule therapeutic gets clarified by studying the biochemical reactions that lead to its pharmacological effect. Mechanism of action or MOA studies are used to achieve a deeper understanding of molecular targets and identify proteins plus activated pathways in the presence of a small molecule.
The MOA can occur on the cell membrane, within the cell, or outside the cell. Since molecular targets bind to receptors, enzymes, or ion channel at the target site, the MOA can either be receptor mediated or non-receptor mediated. A receptor mediated event occurs when a drug substance binds with its receptor and produces a drug receptor complex that triggers a biological response. A non-receptor mediated pathway occurs when a drug substance activates biological reactions through other mechanisms. Typically, chemical and physical actions such as chelation and osmosis are used to determine the relevant therapeutic impact.
Benefits of MOA Studies
A clear understanding of the mechanism of action of drug compounds is necessary for drug development and prevents failure at a later stage in the approval process. MOA studies help determine the clinical safety and act as a benchmark for newer drugs before their release in the market.
There are several reasons to understand the mechanism of action, a few of which are explained below:
- MOA studies allow scientists to identify how cells will respond to a drug compound used to treat a specific disease. Specifically, these studies allow for the identification of off-target pathways that may be activated by the drug compound.
- Drug pathways and subsequent reactions can be effectively monitored to improve dosing.
- Drug compound combinations can be identified to reduce the chance of drug resistance. The combination of drugs can effectively inhibit multiple targets with a single dose.
- Drug compounds exhibiting the ability to trigger a pharmacological response or disrupt the cytoplasmic membrane after forming a complex (DR complex) with its receptor confer selectivity of action. A clear understanding of a drug compound and corresponding reaction at the receptor site helps in developing new drugs with similar interactions.
MOA Drug Discovery Studies at NorthEast BioLab
Mechanism of action studies assist in identifying the target pathway of specific drug compounds. Thus, helping in the development of an efficient drug dosage regimen and minimizing off-target effects. At NorthEast BioLab, we offer MOA studies for robust lead optimization.
Target Identification and Validation
NorthEast BioLab experts conduct MOA studies for achieving target-specific inhibition of many cellular substrates such as signaling kinases. The process involves treating cells with compounds at different concentrations, preparing cell extracts, and quantifying protein levels through Western blots and ELISA assays.
Compound Profiling
NorthEast BioLab scientists help with compound profiling to ensure that target activities of the drug compounds minimize toxicity. Using this MOA procedure, we can identify the efficacy and safety profile of a particular drug compound.
Why Choose NorthEast BioLab for Your MOA Studies?
We, at NorthEast BioLab, understand the significance of MOA studies during drug discovery and development. Similar to other drug development methods, MOA studies are crucial to find the optimal dose and minimize the harmful impact of the drug compound. Hence, our team of scientists uses the highest level industry standards to conduct these studies for efficient and valuable lead optimization.
At our laboratories, we adhere to the compliance structure and guided procedures suggested by the FDA. You can count on us for innovation and rigor in understanding the biochemical reactions activated by drug compounds, without compromising safety requirements and FDA regulations. Further, our lead optimization processes involve compound profiling to identify and minimize toxicity. After the successful execution of several sub-tasks falling under MOA studies, we can establish a safe dosage regimen, improving the chances of your drug success.